The Impact of Irrigation on The Reproductive Growth Parameters of Mango In A Coastal Savannah Agro-Ecological Zone of Ghana
Keywords:
Irrigated mango, fruit set, panicle emergence, malformed panicle and mango yieldAbstract
Weather patterns, rate of panicle emergence and flowering of mango trees are known to be directly related. The study was conducted to assess the impact of irrigation on the reproductive growth parameters of mango (Mangifera indica, L.) (Variety: Kent) in the coastal savannah belt of Ghana’s agro-ecological zones. A randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used for the study. The water regimes administered were: T1 = 0%, T2 = 50%, T3 = 100% and T4 = 150% of estimated mango water requirement (CRW). On the average, T4 induced the highest response of panicle emergence indicating that prior to panicle formation and emergence, a considerable volume of moisture was required by the mango orchard. T2 and T3 recorded the highest number of malformed panicles with 29 % performance levels indicating that irrigation at those rates does not prevent formation of malformed panicles. T4 out-performed all other treatments in flowering and fruit set. At average fruit weights of 0.59 kg, 0.49 kg, 0.50 kg and 0.52 kg for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively, the mean fruit yield per hectare are 8.0 t/ha, 9.2 t/ha, 10.7 t/ha and 11.7 t/ha. The study reports high fruit retentions at the “pigeon-egg‟ and “golf ball” stages of mango fruit development for both T3 and T4, leading to higher fruit yields in the said scenarios. However, from economic point of view, irrigation treatment T3 (100% of CWR) is recommended to mango farmers.
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